Reference Type: Book Section
Author: Lazăr, Natalia
Year: 2010
Title: Emigrarea evreilor din România
Translated Title: [The Emigration of the Jews from Romania]
Editor: Crăciun, Camelia - Vasiliu, Gabriela - Rotman, Liviu
Book Title: Noi perspective în istoriografia evreilor din România
City: Bucureşti
Publisher: Hasefer
Pages: 193-210
Language: Romanian
Keywords: Jewish minority, history, emigration, communist era, zionism, Palestine, kin-state, diplomacy, politics, minority organizations, Communist Party, Ana Pauker, elites, ideology, authorities,
Abstract: (En) This article presents the emigration of the Jews from Romania in the very first period of the communist rule, 1948-1952. This period witnessed a strong Aliyah due to several factors such as the creation of the State of Israel on May 14, 1948, and Romania‟s social and political conditions at the time. Thus, the rights that Jews had between the two World Wars were not fully restored; moreover, the Jews did not have faith in the new regime and they continued to face acts of anti-Semitism. One important factor was the activity of the Zionist movement. Its leaders urged Jews to emigrate and they worked hard in order to reach this aim. The scale of the Aliyah wave, during the 1950s, was an unpleasant surprise for the Romanian authorities. They feared this fact would bring about a negative image of Romania abroad. As far as Jewish emigration was concerned, the Communist Party had a confusing, changing attitude, over time. On the one hand, this led to intense anti-Aliyah propaganda. On the other hand, there was a deep, implied pressure for Jews to emigrate. Despite all obstacles that appeared or were created by the communist regime, the Romanian Jews‟ wish to leave was so deep that, by the end of 1952, when their departures were halted, one third of the Jewish population from Romania (about 110,000 people) had already gone to the State of Israel.

(Ro) După căderea regimului fascist, supravieţuitorii evrei ai Holocaustului reprezentau o masă traumatizată de tragedia prin care trecuseră. Cea de-a doua conflagraţie mondială a lăsat urme grave asupra stării generale a populaţiei evreieşti, dar şi asupra numărului acesteia. La 23 august 1944, în momentul căderii regimului Antonescu, populaţia evreiască din România era practic înjumătăţită. Dacă în perioada premergătoare războiului locuiau în România Mare circa 765.000 evrei, potrivit statisticilor, în România anului 1945, populaţia evreiască număra 375.000 de oameni. În 1946 numărul populaţiei creşte la 420.000, acest fapt datorându-se foştilor deportaţi din diverse ţări, reîntorşi în teritoriul românesc.
URL: http://www.csier.jewishfed.ro/public_html/documente/noiperspective.pdf