Reference Type: Book Section
Author: Gidó, Attila
Year: 2009
Title: Cadrele instituţionale ale reprezentării intereselor politice evreieşti din Transilvania interbelică (Uniunea Naţională a Evreilor din Transilvania şi Partidul Evreiesc)
Translated Title: [Institutional Frames of Representing the Political Jewish Interests in Inter-war Transylvania. The National Union of the Jews in Transylvania and the Jewish Party]
Editor: Ciobanu, Vasile - Radu, Sorin
Book Title: Partide politice şi minorităţi naţionale din România în secolul XX
City: Sibiu
Publisher: Editura Techno Media
Volume: 4
Pages: 79-93
Language: Romanian
Keywords: Jewish minority, history, interwar period, politics, minority organizations, ethnic policy, elites, zionism, ethnic identity, Transylvania, hungarian jews, assimilation
Abstract: (En) Through the union of Transylvania, Bucovina and Bessarabia with Romania four different Jewish communities have been integrated into the same territorial administration, and thus they formed a population of over 756 000 inhabitants. Nevertheless, these communities differed in their history and level of integration in thedifferent state polities prior to 1918. The Jewish communities in Bessarabia (206 000 Israelites) and Bucovina (93 000 Israelites), for example, were bound together by their Yiddish culture, but came from different state traditions: while the Jews from Bessarabialived under an oppressive Russian regime, in Bucovina the Austro-Hungarianadministration was more tolerant with the Jewish population.Up to the second decade of the twentieth century the majority of the Transylvanian Jewry assimilated into the Hungarian nation: around 80 % of the Transylvanian Jews spoke Hungarian as mother tongue. On the East-Hungarian territories enclosed to Romania (henceforth Transylvania) lived 182 489 Israelites in 1910, while their number increased to 192 833 in 1930, that made 3,4% of the Transylvanian populace. The main Jewish centres were Sighetul Marmaţiei, Satu Mare, Oradea, Timişoara, Arad, Alba Iulia, Dej, Cluj and Târgu Mureş.The contemporaneous Transylvanian Jewish communities were far from being unitary, and were split along different organizations, such as the Hungarian National  Party, Transylvanian Jewish National Union, the Jewish Party, the Transylvanianbranch of the Romanian Jewish Union, Social Democratic Party, Communist Party (inillegitimacy from 1924) as well as other Romanian political factions.The present study aims to present the political organizations of the Transylvanian Jewry, which had great influence on the changes within the Jewish community of theregion. Furthermore, there will be analyzed the relations and the possiblecollaborations between the different Jewish political parties from the other Romanian regions. In the end, I'll try to estimate the proportion of the diversely winged Jewish population (pro-Hungarian, Zionist).
URL: http://www.scribd.com/doc/92084142/Partide-politice-4